Germany spends €1.3 bn year on energy research. How much of this is going into the long-shot but scientifically sound ideas that have been put on the table: olivine weathering, biochar, basalt on farmland, deep basalt injection; seaweed farming and dumping? Industry pushes BECCS, which looks very much like a relabelled version of the expensively failed coal flue gas recovery experiments. Large-scale reafforestation is technically possible with a Stone Age technology of pointed sticks, the difficulties are social and political, see Bolsonaro. I favour gunboats up the Amazon but Merkel won’t.